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CHAPTERXISLANG
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in—Amerig—FnSlang
Slangismoreorlessoninnearlyallranksofsodineverywalkoflifeatthepresentday.Slangressiointuage，andsoinsiduously，thattheyhaveedbythegreatmajorityofspeakers，andsohavebeepartaheirvocabularyoingwiththelegitimatewordsofspeech.Theyarecalledupontodosimilarserviceastheordinarywordsusedineverydayversatihtsanddesiresandeaningfromoher.Infaecases，slanghasbeesousefulthatithasfaroutstrippedclassicspeedmadeforitselfsuchapositioninthevernacularthatitwouldbeveryhardiogetalongwithoutit.Slangedtheplaceularwordsoflanguageinverymanyinstandreigheirthandinfluence.
dslaehepopularmiheyarenotsynonymous，thoughverycloselyallied，andprogfromaonGypsyin.tisthelanguageofaclass—thepeculiarphraseologyordialectofacraft，tradeorprofession，andisnotreadilyuoodsavebytheinitiatedofsuchcraft，tradeorprofession.Itmaybecorrect，agtrammar，butitisisedtopartsandlocalitiesandisonlyintelligibletothoseforwhomitisintended.Inshort，itisaeriguagewhilytheinitiatedderstand.Thejargon，orpatter，ofthievesisditisooodbythieveswhohavebeessigheinitiatedlanguageofprofessionalgamblersisdisonlyintelligibletogamblers.
Oherhand，slang，asitisnowadays，belongstonoparticularclassbutisscatteredalletseoeverykindofsodisuoodbyallwhereitpasseseverydayexpression.Ofcourse，theheslang，toagreatextent，dependsupoy，asitchieflyisedwithsorhrasesontoaparticularse.ForiheslangofLondonisslightlydifferentfromthatofNewYork，andsomewordsiymaybeunintelligibleihoughwelluoodinthatinwhichtheyareevertheless，slaobeuniversallyuood."Tokickthebucket，""tocrosstheJordan，""tohopthetwig"arejustasexpressiveofthedepartingfromlifeinthebaericaorthewildsofAustraliaastheyareinLondonorDublin.
Slangsimplysistsofhraseswhichpasstbutarenotrefienough，tobeadmittedintopolitespeechorliteraturewheheyarereizedassuch.But，ashasbeensaid，agreatmanyuseslangwithitasslangandiotheireverydayspeeversation.
&horspurposelyuseslangtogiveemphasisandspifamiliarandhum，buttheyshouldedbythetyro.Amaster，suchasDis，isfivable，butintheisunpardonable.
Thereareseveralkindsofslaodifferentprofessionsandclassesofsociety.Forihereiscollegeslang，politig，spslaisthenatureofslangtocirculatefreelyamongallclasses，yetthereareseveralkindsofthisoflanguagedingtotheseveralclassesofsociety.Thetwogreatdivisionsofslahevulgaroftheuedandihehigh-tonedslangoftheso-calledupperclasses—theedudthewealthy.Thehoydeerdoeshesameslangasmyladyinherboudoir，butbothuseit，andsoexpressiveisitthattheoreadilyuhehtintact.Therefore，therearewhatmaybestyledanignaedslaothepurlieusandthealleys，theothertotheparlorandthedrawing-roo
Iheobjegistoexpressanideainamorous，piquantahanstandardusageordinarilyadmits.Aschoolgirl，wheopraiseababy，exclaims:"Oh，isn'theawfullycute!"Tosaythatheisverynicewouldbetooressheradmiration.Whenahandsomegirlappearsohusiastieadmirer，toexpresshisappreofherbeauty，tellsyou:"Sheisapeach，abird，acuckoo，"anyofwhituateshisestimationoftheyoungladyandismuphatisaying:"Sheisabeautifulgirl，""ahandsomemaiden，"or"lovelyyoungwoman."
&idefeatshisrivalhewilltellyou"itwasach，"hehada"walk-over，"toimpressyouhoweasyitwastogaiory.
Someslangexpressioheaphhlyfigurative.Suchare"topassi;"toholdup，""topullthewooloveryoureyes，""thyourhat，""tofireout，""togoba，""tomakeyourselfsolidwith，""tohaveajagon，""tobeloaded，""tofreezeonto，""tobarkupthewro;"don'tmohebuzz-saw，"and"inthesoup."Mostslanghadabadiihetofthieves'Latin，butitbrokeawayfromthisalefaeandgraduallyevolveditselffromitsunsavorypastuntilitdevelopedintoaofexpressivespeeeslaraceitsinbacktoveryrespectablesources.
"Stolenfruitsaresweet"maybetracedtotheBiblei.Proverbs，ix:17hasit:"Stolenwatersaresweet."&quivi;supposedtobeathhAmeriism，isbaseduponGenesis，xxxviii:16.Theonslang，"abadman，&qutoWesterndesperadoes，inalmosttheidentisenowused，isfoundinSpenser'sFaerieQueen，Massinger'splay"AoPayOldDebts，"andinShakespeare's"KingHenryVIII."Theexpression"toblowon，"meaningtoinform，isinShakespeare's"AsYouLikeit.""It'sallGreektome"istraceabletotheplayof"JuliusCaesar.""Allowool"isinButler's"Hudibras.""Piousfrauds，"meaninghypocrites，isfromthesamesource."Toothin，&qutoanexcuse，isfromSmollett's&quri;Shakespearealsousedit.
Americahashadalargeshareintributingt."Theheathe;and"Waysthataredark，andtricksthatarevain，"arefromBretHarte'sTruthfulJames."NotforJoe，"artheCivilWarwhenonesoldierrefusedtogiveadrinktoa;NotifIk;haditsininChicago."What'sthematterwith——?He'sallright，"haditsbeginninginChicagoalsoandfirstwas"What'sthematterwithHannah.&qutoalazydomestit."There'smillionsinit，"and"Byalargemajority"arkTwain'sGildedAge."Pulldow;"jim-jams，""got'embad，""that'swhat'sthematter，""gohireahall，""takeinyn，""dryup，""humpyourself，""it'sthemanaroundtheer，""puttingupajob，""putaheadonhim，""nobacktalk，""bottomdollar，""wentoffo;"chalkitdown，""stavinghimoff，""makingitwarm，"&quhimgently，""deadgo;"busted，""per，""putuporshutup，""bangup，""smartAleck，""toomuchjaw，""-music，""topheavy，""barefootedohehead，""alittletoofresh，""liar，""chiefdbottlewasher，""baga;"asfineassilk，""nameyourpoison，""diedwithhisbootson，""oldhoss，""hu;"holdyourhorses，""galoot"andmanyothersipresentareallAmerislang.
iaespeciallyhasbeehisclassoffigurativelahisStateweowe"gooffa;"don'tyetit，"&quhdeal，""squaredeal，""flushtimes，""poolyourissues，""goburyyourself，""godrow;"giveyueava，""abadegg，""goclimbatree，""plughats，""DollyVardens，""wellfixed，""downtobedrock，""hardpan，""paydirt，""peteredout，""itwon'twash，""slugofwhiskey，""itpa;and"Ishouldsmile.""Smallpotatoes，ahehill，""softsnap，""allfired，""goldurnit，""anup-hilljob，""slick，""shortcut，""guessnot，"&qu"areBostoerms"i;"aowledgethe，""barkupthewro;"greats;"Ire，""playing'possum，""deadshot，"hadtheiriher;Doggo;"thatbeatstheDutch，""youbet，""youbetyourboots，&qufromNewYork."Stepdownandout&quiheBeechertrial，justas"brainstorm&quiheTha
AmongtheslahaveedireEnglaiohrowupthespo;"drawitmild，""giveusarest，""deadbeat，""o;"upthespout，""stunning，""giftofthegab，"etc.
Theneonsiblefepartoftheslaers，staffwriters，aors，puthrasesihsofindividualswhieverutter.NewYorkissupposedtobetheheadquartersofslang，particularlythatportionofitknownastheBowery.Alltransgressionsandsoflanguagearesuppiunclassi，whilethetruthisthatthelawsofpoliteEnglishareasmuchviolatedonFifthAvenue.Ofcourse，thefmi;pidgin"EnglishhavegiventheBoweryanuion，buttherearejustasgoodspeakersofthevernatheBoweryaselsewhereiy.YeteveryinexperieneorterthinksthatitisionhimtoholdtheBoweryuptorididlaughter，sohesitsdown，andoutofhiscircumscribedbrain，mutilatestheEnglishtongue（herarelyaword），ailationontheBowery.
'Tisthesamewithneersandauthors，ttheIrishradwomenwhohavehegreenhillsofIreland，paintIrishcharactersasboorsandblunderersahemsayludigsandusesuguageasishinthefourwallsofIreland.'Tisverywellknowhemostlearryoheearth—is，ahesasterhasbeenabroadthereforhundreds，almostthousands，ofyears，andheworldto-dayistheking'sEnglishspokensopurelyasiiesandtowleWesternIsle.
&s，happeningsofeverydaylife，ofteoslangwords，aeratime，eintosueralusethattheytaketheirplaeverydayspeechlikeordinarywordsand，ashasbeensaid，theirusersfetthatthey.ForihedaysoftheLandLeagueinIrelandihewordboycott，whichwasthenameofaveryunpopularlandlord，Boycott.Thepeoplerefusedtoworkforhim，andhiscropsrottedontheground.Fromthistimeanyonewhotodisfavorandwhomhisneighborsrefusedtoassistinanywaywassaidtobeboycotted.Thereforetoboyeanstopunishbyabandoningapersoahers.Atfirstitwasanotoriouslyslangword，butnowitisstandardintheEnglishdiaries.
Politicsaddthrases.Fromthisset"darkhorse，""thegraymareisthebetterhorse，""barrelofmo;"bu;"gerryma;"scalawag，""hen，"&qu，""pullingthewires，""takiump，""mae，""slate，"etc.
Themofurh"er，""bull，""bear，""lamb，""slump，"ahers.
&omofthetimesasoftexpressioofustouseslanghrasesonos.Oftekn，justasachildoftenusesprofanewordswithoutessso.Weshouldavoidtheuseofslangasmuchaspossible，eveservestoveyourideasinaforer.Ahasnotgainedafirmfootholdispeechitshouldbeusednotatall.Rememberthatmostallslangisinandbearsupohebendsinisterofvulgarity.Oftheslangthatisofgoodbirth，passitbyifyou，foritislikeabrokeleman，oflittlegoodtoaethegreatmastersasmuchasyouwillinclassicalliterature，butwheheirslang，drawtheli，thegreatIrishsatirist，edtheword"phiz"forfaitatehiIfyouarespeakingofthebeautyofalady'sfa'tcallither"phiz."TheDean，asaualgiant，hadalisetodoso—youhaven't.Shakespeareusedtheword"flush"toiyofmoremembertherewasonlyoneShakespeare，aheohadarighttousethatwordinthatsense.You'llneverbeaShakespeare，therewillneverbesuother—edherselfinprodughi
&heword"stretch&qu，astostrete'tfolloleiheword.Aboveall，avoidthelarslang，whichismadetopassforwitamongtheriff-raffofthestreet.Ifyouarespeakingofapersonhavinightdon'tsayorwrite:"Hehoppedthetwig，"or"hekickedthebucket."Ifyouarepelledtolistentoapersoofwhiowslittle，don'tsay"Heistalkingthroughhishat."IfyofhavingshakenhandswithMr.Rooseveltdon'tsay"Hetippedmehisflipper."Ifyouarespeakihymandon'tsay"Hehasplentyofspondulix，"or"thelo;Allsugislow，dvulgarandistobefrownedupononanyandeveryo.
Ifyouuseslaherefinedkilikeageitwillniveoffeoanyone.ewmalemanashewhospailemaniny—pain.
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